Sandy Barrier Changes at the Ninety Mile Beach, Lakes Entrance, Victoria, Australia
Coastal monitoring with high resolution is necessary to provide coastal managers with the optimal data and information for decision-support, especially across sandy terrain, such as beaches and dune systems. Dynamic sandy barrier coastlines pose particular problems in this regard, as a range of physiographic processes and anthropogenic influences can interact to rapidly alter the morphology of these locations. Problems are not only related to the rates of landscape change, but also to the cost of monitoring. At Lakes Entrance (Victoria, Australia), high resolution aerial orthophotos of the Ninety Mile Beach to the west and east of the Gippsland Lakes artificial entrance have been analysed using GIS to show time-series (2005-2009) sandy terrain and stabilising vegetation changes. Photos have also been analysed with a particular regard to documenting changes in beach alignment, barrier width, and landscape disturbance. At this location, this information is valuable as a means of monitoring sandy barrier 'sediment compartment' changes during sediment management operations at the ebb- and flood-tide deltas at the Gippsland Lakes entrance. Over the 2005-2009 period, shoreline/beach profiles have prograded 10.86 m east of the entrance, and dune system vegetative cover has decreased by 5.98 ha both sides (west and east) of the entrance channel. During future sediment bypass operations associated with the $AU 31.5 million Lakes Entrance Sand Management Program (LESMP), further high-resolution monitoring of this kind should be applied to routinely monitor for sandy barrier changes.