Conceptualizing Migrant Remittance as a Vehicle of Change and Development in Rural Areas of Origin in Benue State, Nigeria

  • Dr Godwin Ikwuyatum, University of Ibadan, Ibadan Nigeria, Nigeria
  • Poverty, dearth of basic socio-economic infrastructure, and immense neglect of the populace in rural areas of origin in Benue State, Nigeria, is a major determinant of rural out-migration, as rural households strive to overcome their rural inadequacies. Consequently, the migrants who are the central actors in the migration process, intervene through sustained flows of migration, of which remittances is the most significant. Migrant remittance is a significant consequence of migration, a vehicle of change; and has remained an integral part of household activities in most rural areas of origin in Benue State, Nigeria. Migrants are perceived by households as investments in human capital and intervening vehicles of change, which would not only relieve migrant households of the burden of poverty but stimulate rural development. The aim of the paper is to conceptualize the nexus between migrant’s remittances and development, particularly in rural areas of origin. The migrant is conceptualized as the first beneficiary of the migration process, from whom remittance flow to migrant households. However, the sustained interaction between migrant and non-migrant households within the social and economic spaces of rural areas of origin creates a social network system that facilitates the flow of remittances to non-migrant households, household productive activities and the entire rural economy. A Computable General Equilibrium Model was developed to measure the multiplier effect on the household economy. In conclusion, the paper argues that migrant remittance has a multiplier effect on migrant and non-migrant households, household productive activities and consequently effects micro rural development.